wilson



- Y sheetsh-Shee 1. J. W. WELSON- Breach Loading Fife Arm. No. 24i,466. Patented ay m, MSL

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J. W. WILSON. Breach Loading Fir@ Arm.

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Pantged May/10,1881.

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UNITEDSTATES PATENT Orifice.

BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming;` part of Letters Patent; No. 241,466,

dated May 1o, 1881.

To all nlmm it may concern Ike it known thatl, Jaunes \\'i-:.\"rz witsox, ol' the city and county ot' San Francisco, and State ot' Jalitornia, have invented Improve- 5` ments in the Construction ot lreech-Loading' Fire-Amis, including' devices to takeutp the wear in thc joints, locking' devices, and operating' parts; and lv doherehyl declare the lolA lowing to he a description thcreot.

iilyinvention relates to certain improrements` in the construction and mechanism ot' breechloading' douhle or single harrelcd guns or ri iles,l wherehy I am enabled to produce aimire perfeet action ot' the parts, a stronger and more i5 secure locking ot' the barrels in place when closed, by means oi a compound trente and ro tatinggripeandpositivewedge-tastaetion,:n ul aquintuplecompensating` mechanism, wherein' all wear ot' thcjoints, gripe, or locking mechanism may heeasily taken upand compensated, the whole gun being made strong', solid, easily operated, and haring iittleliahility to wear, Iso that it makes a thoroughly satisfactory and l perfect action, and is l'or this reason available p5 for e.\'press-1itles, double or single, as well as for double or single harreled shot-guns. j

ln order to more completely and i'ully explain my invention, reference is iliade to thev accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section through working parts ot' my gun. Fig. 2 is a plan view ol' the action. Fig.. is a plan view `ol'the breech ol' gun, with the locking` device in dotted lines. Fig. etv is a vertical cross-sec 55 tion through iine .r .1', Fig. ii. Fig. .'ils a Yerticzil cross-section through the barrels and hin-epic lugs. Figs. ti to iti are details to he referred to.

'lhe barrels in my gun are secured hy a hinge 4o pin or bolt, c', to the action in the manner usual to this class ol g'uns'; hut my hinge-pin and joint, are, placed from one'hall to threel'onrths oi' an inch lin'ther lorward and away I'roin the standing,l hrcech (han in guns as now .i5 made, so as to add t@ the strength and stability ot' the gun. 'lhe joints present; hroad hearings to reduce the we: las much as possible; but

in order to take up any slight wear which willv :anpe in these parts l employ a series 0l' t-.hanieal elements, which will he more tully ex plained lua'einal'ter.

To dest-,rihe this lirst eomjwnsator, l heg-n with the cotter or key in the lore end, as shown l ato It, Figs. l and ti. 'lhe hack parl ol' this 15 ker is doretailed in l'ortn and slides in a corre spending groove in thel'ore end'or the hinge strap which has. a hoss, 15, formed. upon it, protecting' downward tio the catch-strap ot' the t'ore end V, and provided with :t dove 6o tailed groove to receive the key. A screw, ll, passing; through the catch strapahuts againstI the `lower end ot' key o le, and when turned mores the key toward the harrels, which, pressine' :meinst the lne or loop lump on the har "m teh., lnore.-I the fore eno with the hingl'estmp 1),so as to l'orcc it. hack against the elul ol'the action, where it works and closes the joint, thus ending,r all shake or rattle at; this point, where guns lirst show It nuist here be noted that this adjustment is made when thc l'ore end is on and in `place. The. sere-w i'or adjustingis on the outside ol' the gun, easily got; at, and operated without takingthe gun apart; hence all loose motion 75 could he quickly and accurately taken up. lt can be telt hy the movement ol' the screw, and seen by the closingl ot'thejoint, when theproper adjustment is made, which is an important point. 4

ln order to c mpensate t'or .the hinge-pin o' and the lug 1I' upon the barreis, which w'ork together in opening and closing the gun, l place a hollowt'rustum ot' a true eone,u, upon the hinge-pin proper,u., Fig". 85 7. This l'rustum ol' a true cone has a solid head, a, externallyat; the hase or large end, and an annular solid llange or collar, u/f', for a bearing atthe small end. This particular 8o any wear upon t'orm,withthelttinguponthepn,giresgreater 9o i hear]ng-surthcemul strength to resist t-hc strain, hesides'reudering.;l the adjustment simple, easy, and el'ective, with the ald of the set-screw a', passing through thehead ol'pin aandjam-screw .1:. (See Figs. 2 and 7 ol'drawin-'s.) The end 95 ol' the cone is countcrsunk at certain points to receivethe end ot' the set-screwar, and thus the cone is held in position at any point to which it: may be rotated upon the holt, While the iam-screw a" is turned up against the retoo looseness when o tened. o

in position by the sleeve (1 of the lower clamplock, d. The manner ot' working is shown in Fig. 9, where the upper plate, c, operates upon the lower plate, c', and thus vertically adjusts the clamp or lock (I. Thisl upper plate, e, is actuated l v the screw e2, which enters from the outside ot' he breech, and by it the most n|innte and solid adjustment may be obtained.

The adj nstmcnt of the,. upperclamp-lock, Il, is likewise made by means ot' the cotter or key, which works transversely across the standing breech and over the lock, and is operated by the set-screws 1/ and jam-screwg/'. (See Fi 4.)

The hooked or triangular form allows the clamp-locks to be adjusted by the compensators, so as to slightly impinge upon the upper faces ot' the hook d' on lug H', and the'h'ooklug h3, and these two elements will always insure the barrels ot' the gun heilig tightly and solidly closed and held down upon the face of the breech and back against the standing breech.

By means ot the spring l?, which acts upon the lever L, a self-closing or snapaction'ispro--- vided; but it the spring should be omitted, or if it should become broken at any time, there would be no hinderance in working the gun, as the lever could be simply closed by means ot' the thumb. i

g is aloch-bolt, which is actuatedtbyalifght spring, and when the lever is moved to one side to release the lock and allow thc barrels to drop down this bolt shoots up past the edge ot' the'lower loclting-clamp,d, and thus holds both the locking'clamps back out of the way until the gun is closed. When the barrels are brought down into the tiring positiontllo bottom of the lug Il` strikes a projection upon the bolt g and forces it down out of the way, and the spring l. throwsthe lockingclamps into action. By this arrangement the locks and hin ge-joint are relieved ot all i'riction and wear from the pressure ot' the spring ot' the snapnction, as it cannot act to lock the barrels until justas they are quite down and the gnu is closed ready for tiring.

lhe lugs 1I H' are of solid steel, extending up between thc barrels, and having the projectin g lug hil for the upper lock formed asa part of the same. rlhe peculiar angular or dovetailcd shape ol' these lugs, and thc corresponding rccesses in the locks, gives not only a greatly-increased surface to resist strain and wear, but it insures a positive and instant action at the moment ot' tiring, which tends to draw the ends ot' the barrels and standing breech more lirinly and solidly together at theinstant ot' discharge.

illy axle or hinge-pin,whilc it shows solnc features similar to others now in existence, is quite diilercut in its form and operation. 'lhe conical pin, withtlie splitnutand thesemi-conc, are cach simply moved forward, the latter' without rotation, and act as wedges rather than cones; but my cone is complete, and is not only capable of moving forward, but has thc important advantage ol' bein g rotated so as to present a new surface for wear until the whole circumference has been used, instead 'ol heilig always confined to one surface. lesides, a duplicatecone ot'larger size can be mounted upon the pin without extracost or trouble when the irst maybeworu ont, which is not thecase with the solid pin; hence the greater advantage. This is a very important feature in connection with the simplicity and 'aciiity tor adjusting in my invention, for the reason, it' a shoulder be formed upon the cone in wear, as will most likely be the case, then the new uuwornsnrface can be turn'ed to th alug upon the barrels, or a new and slightly larger conetbe inserted,

as in this imln'ovement, and th'l adjustment made perfect from the exact and solid lfitting ot the whole surface ot' the parts.

In the forward and back adjustment I have the cone under colnplete control by the use of the temper-screw x, by which it is moved forward, and the set or jam screw w', which holds it where desired and may serve to back it out, the adjustment thus being much :more

minute and perfect than when only one screw is used; besides, in the devices here employed for adjusting the cone there is no need nor possibility, as in the other cases, of changing the exterior semicircular surface ot' the action to its disadvantage, unsightly appearance, or inconvenience of the user by moving from its place and finished position the exterior head of4 llille nxlaqxnsiu... presenting-n.- slia'fp um'rmror wedge on the lower part ofthe circle ot the body ot' the action.

1n the construction of my clamp-locks Iemploy a square bolt, passing vertically down and entirely through the rear portion ot' the action, and in combination with ita novel construction of cams or clamp-locks for locking, and v compensators for adjusting and taking up the wear, which are very simple, elt'ective, and easilygot at when necessary. ln i'act,the novelty and improvements in my compensating mechanism and combinations consist in the fact that the adjustments can be made in every instance and at every peint when the barrels are closed and in place, thereby securing absolutel y perl'ect compensation for wear and the nicest possibleadjustment, from the fact that there is no taking the gun to pieces and guessing at the propere-mountof movement ofthe partsnecessary toacconiplish theobject sought, as in other devices employed by other inventors and makers. The relief-bar, moving back and forward in its slot and provided with tho springs by which it is held to its place, ott'ers a compiete and ready method of dismonnting the barrels, while at the same time perfectly protcctin g the hinge orjoint from undue strain.

lfaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letl. 'Lhc t'oreend strap 0, provided with boss O", and the loop'strap O',in combinatiouwith the intervening wedge o It' and screw U., abutting against the end of the wedge and passing through, the catch-strap V, so that its nomi is acoessihio 'from the outside of the gun, suh- Stnniiinliy :is and for the purpose iiosci'boii,

2. The looking-i ng: 1:1', having: :i oononvc inne, provided iong'itniiinniiy with nn zingnhn 0i' dnii V-gioovo, in oonibiimtion wi th' thoiniiigo of the i"'inxie,iin\i1ig;n onnmx nngnhnfnoe', corresponding to nini iilini: into iho i'nco 0 whon tho gun is oiosoi'l, iin' the, pnrpose spaciiifid. v

3., Tho innig-o ni ihn i'i'znnoXV,inoioising :ind in combination with the nioi'nhio hiook G, harving;l n, onxfvod :ingnlni i'nce, tho n'oiigo C2, zar ranged botwoen said bi'id nini tho block, :ind ih@ screw il, passing from the outside of tho 'imno and. engaging with tho wcg, nil constructed, arranged, und operated :is soi; forth.

4. Tho check-hook D und the roiiof-hnib', with its springs 'n u, in combination with tho bingo-pin, ing, und joint of the gun, snbstnntiziily ns and for the -pmpose described.

` por surface forinod by two converging' plaines, :is shown, vin ooin- Y 5. Tiieingh",hwingits nL binz'ition'Witiithoom'i'asipondingiy-shnpbd iook- 1 shaft K, whereby a ooinbinoii ioni; and holding' l sixismntiaiiy as sot forth.

6. The zum or pinto d, operated by vertical boit ii and lover L, and formed to on gage with inni lit tho hook df, in combination Awith theiuoiinoii pianos e e', fitted to he moveii transifornoly above tiin arm d, and adjusted by the screws C nini s from the exterior of the gun, sniistnntiniig'f :is heroin describeih 7. Tiro hook-lool; h, 'operated by the bolt K und lever L, and inning the converging inoii ned faces fitted. to on gagothe corresponding f ing I!" on the imm-ei, in combination with the i transversoiynnoving inclined piane or key and adjusting-screws y y', sind screws being operated from 'ne-oui'sdo, the. purpose sift folth.l I.

1n wiiness whoi'eoi' I hnve hereunto sot my hand.

` JAMES W. WELSN,

FRANK A. BROOKS,

` j substavntiaiiy asand for 

